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The reference for locomotives and railcars

French Northern Railway No. 3.078 to 3.354

French State Railway 230 A 1 to 277

France 1897 277 produced
3.182 on an old postcard in Noyelles-sur-Mer PD

The Nord had borrowed the Ten-wheeler number 1301 from the Midi at the end of 1896 in order to investigate the suitability of this type for mixed service. Due to the good results, the first 50 locomotives were ordered to haul express freight trains, heavy passenger trains and mail trains. Later their number grew to 277, which also hauled coal trains up to 1,000 tonnes and even express trains on mountainous lines. In service with coal trains they were soon superseded by locomotives with a 2-8-0 wheel arrangement, while the heaviest passenger and express trains were soon hauled by newer Ten-wheelers and Pacifics. In the SNCF they were designated 230 A and increasingly used on branch lines. Most were retired in the 1950s, the last in 1962.

Locomotive Magazine, April 1899

Technical data

General

Built
1897-1913
Manufacturers
Hainaut, SFCM, Schneider, Franco-Belge, SACM, Fives-Lille, Batignolles-Châtillon, La Chapelle, Cockerill, Énergie
Wheel arrangement
4-6-0 (Ten-wheeler)
Gauge
1,435 mm (Standard gauge)

Dimensions and weights

Length
17.15 m
Length loco
10.39 m
Wheelbase
7.60 m
Total wheelbase
13.87 m
Service mass
61.8 t
Adhesion mass
44.5 t
Total mass
97 t
Rigid wheelbase
4.00 m
Axle load
14.8 t
Water capacity
15,000 l
Fuel capacity
3 t (coal)

Boiler

Grate area
2.38 m²
Firebox surface
12.45 m²
Tube heating surface
177.2 m²
Evaporative heating surface
189.65 m²
Total heating surface
189.7 m²

Power plant

Driver diameter
1,750 mm
Boiler pressure
15 bar
Expansion type
compound
Cylinders
four, HP: 350 x 640 mm and LP: 550 x 640 mm

Power

Power source
steam
Estimated power
750 kW (1,020 PS)
Top speed
105 km/h
Starting effort
81.3 kN
Starting effort simple
97.6 kN

Calculated values

Factor of adhesion
1 : 5.37
Optimal speed
56 km/h
Power-to-weight ratio
12.1 kW/t
Heating Surface Equivalent
251.9 m²
Cylinder volume/HSE
1 : 1,092.51
Adhesive weight/Total
1 : 1.39
Tractive force/Heating surface
1 : 8.95
Grate area/Heating surface
1 : 79.68
Firebox/Tube surface
1 : 14.23
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