Manchester, Sheffield & Lincolnshire and Great Central class 9D

The class 9D of the Great Central Railway comprised of 124 0-6-0 freight locomotives originally built for the Manchester, Sheffield & Lincolnshire railway. They were designed by Thomas Parker and his successor Harry Pollitt and built by the railway's own Gorton Works and by Kitson & Co. and Beyer, Peacock & Co., both being commercial builders. Production only was completed in 1902 when the railway had changed its name to Great Central Railway. There they were designated class 9D. There had been some differences between individual batches. Most notably, the diameter of the cylinders could be either 18 or 18.5 inches.

In World War I, seven were loaned to the Caledonian Railway. Since the lines there had a smaller loading gauge, the chimneys of these locomotives had to be shortened. In 1923, all came to the LNER and became class J10. After they had identified a total of six variants with smaller or greater differences, they created the subclasses J10/1 to J10/6. The first ones were withdrawn in 1933 and British Railways received 78 upon their creation. There they were also used on lines outside of the former GCR network. By 1957, 40 were remaining which were also extinct by August 1961.