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Darjeeling Himalayan class B

India 1889 34 produced
No. 805, built in 1925, seen in December 1995 with human sanders at the front and another employee breaking the lumps of coal on the run Nigel Tout CC BY-SA 4.0

The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway's best-known and longest-lasting locomotive is the class B, which was built by several manufacturers from 1889 and is still in use today. Although the DHR had also procured larger locomotives and even Garratts, these small, two-axle saddle tank locomotives had apparently been best suited to the steep two-foot line with radii from 60 feet. 

The coal capacity was later increased by planks. Due to the low quality of coal available and the cheap labor in India, the crew of these locomotives consists of up to six people. In addition to the driver, this includes two people who sit on the buffer beam and spread sand on the rails by hand. The fireman is assisted by one person who breaks the coal into equal-sized lumps and another who passes the coal to the fireman.

The 34 class B members, supplied by British and American manufacturers, took on the brunt of the traffic over the decades. In 1997 they were reinforced by diesel locomotives as their number decreased due to age. Today most regular trains are hauled by the diesel locomotives, while class B mainly only takes on tourist trains. A locomotive came to the Beeches Light Railway in Great Britain around 2000, where it was used until the line closed in 2023.

Locomotive Magazine, September 1918

Technical data

General

Built
1889-1925
Manufacturers
Sharp, Stewart & Co., North British, Baldwin
Wheel arrangement
0-4-0ST (Four-coupled)
Gauge
610 mm (Two feet)

Dimensions and weights

Wheelbase
1.68 m
Service mass
15.6 t
Adhesion mass
15.6 t
Rigid wheelbase
1.68 m
Axle load
7.9 t
Water capacity
1,726 l
Fuel capacity
0.8 t (coal)

Boiler

Grate area
0.836 m²
Firebox surface
3.716 m²
Tube heating surface
25.641 m²
Evaporative heating surface
29.357 m²
Total heating surface
29.4 m²

Power plant

Driver diameter
660 mm
Boiler pressure
9.7 bar
Expansion type
simple expansion
Cylinders
two, 279 x 356 mm

Power

Power source
steam
Estimated power
97 kW (132 PS)
Starting effort
34.5 kN

Calculated values

Factor of adhesion
1 : 4.43
Optimal speed
18 km/h
Power-to-weight ratio
6.2 kW/t
Heating Surface Equivalent
47.9 m²
Cylinder volume/HSE
1 : 909.63
Adhesive weight/Total
1 : 1.00
Tractive force/Heating surface
1 : 24.54
Grate area/Heating surface
1 : 35.12
Firebox/Tube surface
1 : 6.90
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